Preface List of Acronyms and Symbols 1 Introduction 1.1 MOTIVATION 1.2 SUMMARY OFBOOK 1.3 BOOK ORGANIZATION REFERENCES 2 Frequency Synthesizer for Wireless Applications 2.1 DEFINITION AND CHARACTERISTICS 2.2 PHASE NOISE AND TIMING JITI'ER 2.2.1 Phase noise and spurious tone 2.2.2 Timing jitter 2.3 IMPLEMENTATION OF FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER 2.3.1 Direct analog frequency synthesizer 2.3.2 Direct digita